
Sustainable tourism becomes one of the application fields of sustainable development during the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit within the Diary 21 which include the respect of the balance between tourist needs and local aspirations, or preventive actions in order to preserve the environment and the “touristic product”. Consequently, “the objective of developing a sustainable tourism is to make compatible the improvement of the environmental and social conditions which result from the tourist development as well as the maintenance of capacities of development for the future generations”.
The principles of sustainable tourism were redefined and updated in August 2004 by the Sustainable Tourism Development Committee of the World Tourism Organization (WTO): "Sustainable tourism development guidelines and management practices are applicable to all forms of tourism in all types of destinations, including mass tourism and the various niche tourism segments. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between these three dimensions to guarantee its long-term sustainability".
Consequently, Sustainable Tourism should:
Make optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a key element in tourism development, maintaining essential ecological processes and helping to conserve natural heritage and biodiversity. Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities,
Conserve their built and living cultural heritage and traditional values, and contribute to inter-cultural understanding and tolerance.
Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed, including stable employment and income-earning opportunities and social services to host communities, and contributing to poverty alleviation.
More information:
- Sustainable Tourism by Wikipedia- the Sustainable Tourism Gateway
- En español: mundo azul
- En français: Association pour le tourisme équitable et solidaire
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